| AISA (Aeronáutica Industrial S.A.) | |
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HW100 - 45000
UAW55 - 105000 RRW100 - 175000 PKRR - 7500 |
AISA (Aeronáutica Industrial S.A.) Aeronáutica Industrial S.A. Industry - Aeronautics, defence Founded - 1934 Founder - Jorge Loring Martinez Defunct - 1995 Fate - Merged Successor - CASA Headquarters - Spain Products - Aircraft Aeronáutica Industrial S.A. is a Spanish aeronautical company. The predecessor company, Talleres Loring had been founded by Jorge Loring in 1923. History The predecessor company was founded by Jorge Loring Martinez in Cuatro Vientos near Madrid in 1924. Aeronáutica Industrial S.A. was established in 1934 and through the course of the 20th century manufactured a number of light aircraft designs including Cierva autogyros. In 1954, AISA purchased Spanish manufacturer Iberavia and took over the I-11 light plane project, eventually building around 400 examples. For a time it specialised in the maintenance and upgrading of helicopters. In 1982 it attempted, unsuccessfully, to market an autogyro design of its own, the GN. The company was bought by CASA in 1995, but continues to operate under its own name. List of Aircraft González Gil-Pazó No. 1 (1931) - tandem two-seat low wing trainer. González Gil-Pazó GP-1 (1934) - development of No. 1 with improved fuselage and wing. 100 ordered by Spanish Republican Air Force, but only 40 built due to the Spanish Civil War. González Gil-Pazó GP-2 (1935) - GP-1 with enclosed cockpit and modified fuselage. González Gil-Pazó GP-4 INTA HM.1 (1943) - tandem two-seat low wing trainer, also known as Huarte Mendicoa HM-1 after its designer. Iberavia I-11 (1951) - single-engine trainer/touring aircraft with fixed tricycle undercarriage and side-by-side seating. Two prototypes built. AISA I-11B (1952) - AISA production version of I-11, with smaller canopy and tailwheel undercarriage used by civil aviation clubs and the Spanish Air Force. AISA I-115 "E-6" (1950s) - I-11B variant with revised fuselage for tandem seating used by the Spanish Air Force. AISA GN (1982) - single-engine four-seat autogyro prototype. One built. González Gil-Pazó GP-1 trainer of the Spanish Republican Air Force AISA I-115 of the Spanish Air Force Spanish Armed Forces liaison/utility aircraft designations Enlace (L) : Liaison - First series - L.1 / L.2 / L.3 / L.4 / L.5 / L.6 / L.7 / L.8 / L.9 (I) / L.9 (II) / L.10 / L.11 / L.12 / L.13 / L.14 / L.15 / L.16 / L.17 / L.18 (I) / L.18 (II) / L.19 Enlace (L) : Liaison - Second series - L.1 / L.2 / L.3 / L.4 / L.5 / L.6 / L.7 / L.8 / L.9 / L.10 / L.11 / L.12 / L.13 Utilitario (U) : Utility - U.1-U.8(1) / U.9 / U.10(1) / U.11(1) / U.12 / UD.13 / U.14 / UD.14 / U.15 / U.16 / U.17 / U.18(2) / U.19(2) / U.20 1 - Not assigned / 2 - No details known Spanish Armed Forces trainer aircraft designations Escuela Elemental (EE), Primary Trainer - EE.1 (I) / EE.1 (II) / EE.2 / EE.3 / EE.4 / EE.5 / EE.6 / EE.7 Escuela Superior (ES), Advanced Trainer - ES.1 / ES.2 / ES.3 / ES.4 / ES.5 / ES.6 / ES.7 / ES.8 Entrenamiento (E), Trainer - E.1 / E.2 / E.3 / E.4 / E.5 / E.6 / E.7 / E.8 / E.9 / E.10(2) / E.11(2) / E.12 / E.13 / E.14 / E.15 / E.16 / E.17 / E.18 (I) / E.18 (II) / E.19 / E.20 / E.21 / E.22 / E.23 / E.24 / E.25 / E.26 / E.27(1) / E.28(1) / E.29(1) / E.30 / E.31 1 - Not assigned / 2 - No details known AISA I-11 I-11 Role - Two-seat general aviation aircraft Manufacturer - Iberavia/AISA First flight - 16 July 1951 Number built - 208 Variants - AISA I-115 The I-11 was a two-seat civil utility aircraft manufactured in Spain in the 1950s. Originally designed by the Spanish aircraft company Iberavia, its first (of two) prototype flew on 16 July 1951. It was a low-wing monoplane of conventional configuration with fixed, tricycle undercarriage and a large, bubble canopy over the two side-by-side seats. Flight characteristics were found to be pleasing, but before plans could be made for mass production, Iberavia was acquired by AISA. The new management decided to continue with development, but made a few changes to the design, reducing the size of the canopy, and replacing the undercarriage with a taildragger arrangement. This configuration entered production in 1952 with an order from the Director General for Civil Aviation for 70 aircraft for use in Spain's aeroclubs. The Spanish Air Force then ordered 125 for use in training and liaison roles. The Air Force then requested 200 aircraft built with the seats in tandem, which were designated I-115 by the manufacturers powered by a 112 kW (150 hp) ENMA Tigre inverted air-cooled engine. Variants I-11 2 prototypes by Iberavia, tricycle undercarriage. I-11B Production examples by AISA. AISA I-115 Tandem-seat version. Operators 1. Spain - Spanish Air Force Specifications (I-11B) (Data from Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1969-70) General characteristics Crew: 1 Capacity: 1 passenger or trainee Length: 6.48 m (21 ft 3 in) Wingspan: 9.32 m (30 ft 7 in) Height: 1.91 m (6 ft 3 in) Wing area: 13.4 m2 (144 sq ft) Empty weight: 420 kg (926 lb) Gross weight: 669 kg (1,474 lb) Powerplant: 1 × Continental C90-12F Four-cylinder air-cooled horiztonally opposed piston engine, 67 kW (90 hp) Performance Maximum speed: 201 km/h (125 mph, 109 kn) Cruise speed: 180 km/h (110 mph, 96 kn) Range: 640 km (400 mi, 350 nmi) Service ceiling: 4,700 m (15,400 ft) Rate of climb: 3.69 m/s (726 ft/min) AISA I-115 I-115 Role - Basic trainer National origin - Spain Manufacturer - AISA (Aeronáutica Industrial S.A.) First flight - 20 June 1952 Introduction - 1956 Retired - 1976 Primary user - Spanish Air Force Number built - c.200 Developed from - AISA I-11 The AISA I-115 is a low-wing single-engined military primary trainer with tandem seating, which went into service with the Spanish Air Force in 1956. After retirement in 1976 many were sold to civil operators. Development The AISA I-115 was a military development of the single-engined civil side-by-side seat I-11 which first flew in 1951. This aircraft was designed by Iberavia but built by Aeronáutica Industrial S.A. (AISA); later, Iberavia were taken over by AISA. The I-115 inherited the tail wheel undercarriage of the production version of the I-11, the I-11B, but was a longer machine because the Spanish Air Force wanted tandem seating for its trainers, had a slightly greater span and was considerably heavier. These changes called for more power, so the I-115 used a 112 kW (150 hp) ENMA Tigre inverted in-line engine. Like the I-11 the I-115 had an all wood structure and most surfaces were plywood covered apart from fabric covered ailerons and flaps. The low, tapered, straight edged and square tipped wings had two spars and stressed plywood skin. Wing dihedral was 6°. The ailerons were differentially operated and drooped when the slotted flaps were lowered. The vertical stabiliser was almost rectangular and carried a balanced rudder. The horizontal tail surfaces were more tapered, the elevators balanced and carrying trim tabs. The fuselage was a wooden monocoque. The tandem cockpits were enclosed with a long, glazed cover with independent sliding sections for both instructor and pupil. Dual controls and instrumentation included provision for blind flying. The undercarriage was fixed and unfaired, each mainwheel carried on a single exposed leg. The mainwheels had brakes and the tailwheel was steerable. The first prototype flew on 20 June 1952. Operational history About 200 I-115s were delivered to the Spanish airforce, 150 by the Spring of 1956; at that time there was an order for another 150. They were initially known as the type EE.6, EE being Escuela Elemental or Primary Training, but when this category was dropped the I-115 became the E.9 (E for - Entrenamiento or Trainer). The E.9 was in service from 1956 to 1976. Despite the long service, there was criticism of its spinning behaviour and its weight: apparently the unofficial nickname Garrapata or Tick was meant to describe the E.9's reluctance to leave its host, the ground. Most E.9s were powered by the Tigre engine but some late models had the 145 hp de Havilland Gipsy Major engine and others a 190 hp Lycoming O-435-A. Many I-115s were sold to civilians at the end of their military service and in 2014 seven were still on the Spanish civil register. Three of these were in museums but were active until at least 2009. Specifications (Data from Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1956-57) General characteristics Crew: 2 Length: 7.35 m (24 ft 1 in) Wingspan: 9.54 m (31 ft 4 in) Height: 2.10 m (6 ft 11 in) Wing area: 14.0 m2 (151 sq ft) Airfoil: NACA 23015/23009 Empty weight: 612 kg (1,349 lb) Gross weight: 900 kg (1,984 lb) Fuel capacity: 135 L (30 imp gal; 36 US gal) Powerplant: 1 × ENMA Tigre G-IV-B four-cylinder inverted air-cooled, 110 kW (150 hp) Performance Maximum speed: 240 km/h (150 mph, 130 kn) Cruise speed: 204 km/h (127 mph, 110 kn) Endurance: 3.5 hr (at 70% power) Service ceiling: 4,400 m (14,400 ft) Rate of climb: 3.48 m/s (686 ft/min) Takeoff distance to 15 m (50 ft): 380 m (1,247 ft) Landing distance from 15 m (50 ft): 350 m (1,148 ft) AISA I-115 EC-DDN painted in Spanish Air Force markings An AISA I-115 at Cuatro Vientos airport AISA GN GN Role - Autogyro Manufacturer - AISA First flight - 1982 Number built - 1 The AISA GN was a prototype four-seat autogyro developed in Spain between 1971 and 1982. it featured an extensively-glazed cabin fitted with a pusher engine and tricycle undercarriage. A separate tail fin was carried at the end of two booms mounted to stub wings. The prototype was developed with a 200 hp engine. The aircraft suffered from an extremely prolonged development, but finally took to the air on 20 July 1982. In September that year, however, it was damaged in an accident, and development was finally abandoned. Specifications (performance estimated) (Data from Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1982-83) General characteristics Crew: 1 Capacity: 3 passengers Length: 6.50 m (21 ft 4 in) Height: 3.20 m (10 ft 6 in) Empty weight: 978 kg (2,156 lb) Max takeoff weight: 1,400 kg (3,086 lb) Fuel capacity: 151 L (40 US gal; 33 imp gal) Powerplant: 1 × Lycoming IO-540-K1A5 air-cooled flat-six engine, 220 kW (300 hp) Main rotor diameter: 12.00 m (39 ft 4 in) Main rotor area: 108.62 m2 (1,169.2 sq ft) Performance Maximum speed: 240 km/h (150 mph, 130 kn) at sea level Cruise speed: 212 km/h (132 mph, 114 kn) Range: 800 km (500 mi, 430 nmi) Endurance: 6 hr (pilot and 2 passengers) g limits: +3.5/-1.0 Rate of climb: 60 m/s (12,000 ft/min) INTA HM.1 (AISA HM.1) INTA HM.1 Role - Primary trainer National origin - Spain Manufacturer - Aeronáutica Industrial S.A. Designer - Pedro Huarte-Mendicoa First flight - 1943 Number built - 200 The INTA HM.1, also known as Huarte Mendicoa HM-1, was a 1940s Spanish primary trainer designed by the Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeronáutica (INTA) and built for them by Aeronáutica Industrial S.A. Development The HM.1 was designed by INTA as a two-seat primary training monoplane with a fixed tailwheel landing gear. It was followed by a number of similar aircraft with equipment and accommodation changes. The last of the family was the HM.7 built in 1947 which was an enlarged four-seat version powered by a 240 hp (179 kW) Argus As 10C engine, the HM.7 was the last powered aircraft designed by the Institute. Variants HM.1 two-seat primary trainer HM.2 enclosed-cabin version of the HM.1 with retractable landing gear HM.3 open-cockpit floatplane variant HM.5 single-seat advanced trainer HM.7 enlarged four-seat version HM.9 two-seat glider tug Operators 1. Spain - Spanish Air Force Specification HM.1 (Data from Jane's Fighting Aircraft of World War II) General characteristics Crew: 2 Length: 7.65 m (25 ft 0 in) Wingspan: 9.65 m (31 ft 8 in) Height: 2.20 m (7 ft 2.25 in) Wing area: 14 m2 (150.6 sq ft) Empty weight: 620 kg (1,364 lb) Gross weight: 850 kg (1,870 lb) Powerplant: 1 × Elizalde G-IV-B Tigre 4-cylinder four-cylinder linear motor, 110 kW (150 hp) Performance Maximum speed: 230 km/h (142.8 mph, 124.1 kn) Cruise speed: 195 km/h (121 mph, 105 kn) Endurance: 3 hours 30 minutes Service ceiling: 5,000 m (16,400 ft) An HM. 1 at the Museo del Aire, Cuatro Vientos, Madrid González Gil-Pazó GP-1 (AISA GP-1) González Gil-Pazó GP-1 Role - Two-seat trainer National origin - Spain Designer - Arturo González Gil y Santibañez and José Pazó First flight - June 1934 Number built - c.40 The González Gil-Pazó GP-1 was a single-engine, two-seat open cockpit training aircraft, built in Spain in the 1930s to compete for a government contract. Declared the winner, production was curtailed by the Spanish Civil War. Two cabin variants, the González Gil-Pazó GP-2 and GP-4, were also built. Design and development The first aircraft produced from the collaboration between Arturo González Gil y Santibañez and José Pazó was the Gil-Pazó No.1. It was, like all of their aircraft, a low-wing cantilever monoplane. It was built of wood and metal with plywood skinning, seated two and had an unfaired conventional undercarriage. Reportedly similar to the Miles Hawk, it was powered by an ADC Cirrus engine. Almost no specifications are known, apart from a loaded weight of 778 kg (1715 lb). It first flew in June 1932 and was last recorded at Cuatro Vientos, Madrid in July 1936. In 1934 the Director General de Aeronáutica issued a specification for a two-seat trainer and Gil-Pazó's response was the GP-1. This "supremely elegant" aircraft, with two open cockpits and a trousered undercarriage was reportedly somewhat like the Miles Hawk Major in appearance. Its wings, of semi-elliptic plan, had a wooden structure and a stressed plywood skin. Flaps were fitted. The fuselage was a steel tube structure, fabric covered at the rear with dural skinning forward. For its first flight in June 1934 it was powered by the same Cirrus engine as the No.1 but this was replaced by a 145 kW (195 hp) Walter Junior inverted inline engine for the trainer contract competition. The competitive trials, against the Loring X, the Hispano HS-34 and the Adaro 1.E.7, assessed the Gil-Pazó GP-1 as the clear winner, so in 1936 González Gil and Pazó received an order for 100 aircraft. These were to be built by Aeronáutica Industrial S.A. (AISA), the former Talleres Loring factory at Carabanchel Alto, Madrid. None of these had been completed by July 1936 at the start of the Spanish Civil War, and with rebel forces approaching Madrid in October, AISA retreated to Alicante. About forty GP-1s were built there during the war in a collaboration with Hispano-Suiza. In 1935-6 the open cockpit GP-1 was developed into two cabin types, the González Gil-Pazó GP-2 and GP-4. Both had raised rear fuselages faired into the cabin tops. The GP-2 was powered by a 97 kW (130 hp) de Havilland Gipsy Major engine and had two seats in tandem. Only one two-seater was built. A second GP-2 was built as a single-seater with one, rather than two, cabin side windows on each side. The GP-4 was powered by a 97 kW (130 hp) Walter Major engine and carried four people. Only one GP-4 was constructed. Operational history Two notable flights were made before the Civil War. In January 1936 Ramón Torres and Carlos Coll set a record with their flight from Barcelona to Agadir, Morocco in the two-seat GP-2. The single-seat GP-2 was flown by Lorenzo Richi in March 1936 from Madrid to Bata in what was then Spanish Guinea at an average speed of 187 km/h (116 mph). About thirty of the forty GP-1s built at Alicante were captured by the Nationalist forces, given military serials and incorporated into Grupo 30. After the war at least twelve of these were given Spanish civil registrations; one remained on the register until 1961. One GP-2 and the sole GP-4 were also on the Spanish civil register until about 1960. The GP-4 had been flown into Nationalist hands by Pazó in September 1936, where it was used for liaison and transport duties. Variants Gil-Pazó No.1 GP-1 precursor. GP-1 Open cockpit trainer; Walter Junior powered. About forty built. GP-2 Enclosed cabin for one or two; Gipsy Major powered. Two or three built. GP-4 Enclosed cabin for four; Walter Major powered. One built. Operators 1. Spain - Spanish Republican Air Force 2. Spain (Spanish State) - Spanish Air Force Specifications (GP-1) (Data from Howson) General characteristics Capacity: two Length: 8.5 m (27 ft 11 in) Wingspan: 11.6 m (38 ft 1 in) Wing area: 18 m2 (190 sq ft) Empty weight: 525 kg (1,157 lb) Gross weight: 880 kg (1,940 lb) Powerplant: 1 × Walter Junior 4-cylinder air cooled inverted in-line piston, 145 kW (195 hp) Propellers: 2-bladed Performance Maximum speed: 212 km/h (132 mph, 114 kn) Stall speed: 69 km/h (43 mph, 37 kn) Range: 1,000 km (620 mi, 540 nmi) Service ceiling: 7,500 m (24,600 ft) Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era Miles Hawk Miles M.2 Hawk Trainer González Gil-Pazó GP-1 trainer of the Spanish Republican Air Force González Gil-Pazó GP-2 of the Aero Club de Zaragoza |